Definition
Laparoscopic cancer surgery is a minimally invasive procedure using small incisions, a laparoscope (a camera-equipped tube), and specialized instruments to remove cancerous tumors. It reduces recovery time and post-operative complications compared to open surgeries.
Causes Requiring Laparoscopic Surgery
- Localized cancers in the abdominal or pelvic regions (e.g., colon, rectal, gastric, or gynecologic cancers).
- Patients who need minimally invasive procedures due to health conditions or preferences.
Symptoms Indicating Surgery
- Tumor-related symptoms like pain, obstruction, or bleeding.
Diagnosing
- Imaging studies (CT, MRI, PET scans)
- Biopsies for tumor confirmation
Treatment
- Tumor removal through small incisions
- Often involves advanced imaging and robotic assistance
Indications
- Cancers of the abdomen and pelvis, including:
- Colorectal cancer
- Stomach cancer
- Liver cancer (selected cases)
- Gynecologic cancers (e.g., ovarian, uterine)
Procedure
- Preparation: General anesthesia is administered.
- Incisions: Small incisions (5-10mm) are made in the abdomen.
- Laparoscope Insertion: The laparoscope provides a high-definition view of the internal organs.
- Tumor Removal: Surgeons use specialized instruments to remove the tumor, sometimes with nearby lymph nodes for staging.
Advantages
- Shorter hospital stay
- Faster recovery and return to daily activities
- Less pain and reduced risk of infections
- Smaller, less noticeable scars
Risks
- Bleeding, infection, or damage to nearby organs (rare)
- Limitations in large or complex tumors, requiring open surgery