Definition:
Skin cancer is an abnormal growth of skin cells, often due to UV exposure. It includes melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
Causes:
Prolonged UV exposure from sunlight or tanning beds.
Fair skin, light hair, and eye color.
Family history of skin cancer.
Presence of many moles or atypical moles.
Symptoms:
Changes in size, shape, or color of moles.
New growths or sores that do not heal.
Redness or swelling beyond a mole’s border.
Itching, tenderness, or bleeding lesions.
Diagnosing:
Full-body skin examination by a dermatologist.
Dermoscopy for detailed mole evaluation.
Biopsy of suspicious lesions.
Imaging for advanced melanoma staging.
Treatment:
Surgery: Mohs surgery for precision removal.
Topical Treatments: For early-stage non-melanoma skin cancers.
Systemic Therapies:
Immunotherapy for advanced melanoma.
Targeted therapies for genetic mutations (e.g., BRAF inhibitors).
Prevention Tips:
Use sunscreen with SPF 30+ daily.
Avoid tanning beds and excessive sun exposure.
Wear protective clothing and hats.
Perform regular skin self-exams.
Conclusion:
Skin cancer is highly preventable with proper sun protection and awareness. Early detection ensures effective treatment and better outcomes.